Saturday, November 22, 2008

Pengelompokan kata kerja jika dilihat dari bentuk kamus


Kata kerja(動詞)どうし….doushi.


Dalam bahasa jepang ada 3 macam pengelompokan kata kerja jika dilihat dari perubahannya dalam bentuk kamus/perubahan bentuk yang tertulis dalam kamus,yaitu;


A.Kata kerja kelompok satu.


B.Kata kerja bentuk dua.


C.Kata kerja bentuk tiga.


Untuk selanjutnya akan saya jelaskan mengenai pengelompokkan kata kerja ,apakah masuk dalam kata kerja bentuk kelompok satu,kata kerja bentuk kelompok dua,ataukah kata kerja bentuk kelompok tiga.



  • AKata yang digolongkan dalam kelompok satu adalah kata kerja yang berakhiran huruf;U(う),KU(く),SU(す),TSU(つ),NU(ぬ), BU(ぶ),MU(む),RU(る),GU()ぐ,
    Lihat contoh di bawah ini;

    会う
    = au= bertemu

    書く =kaku= menulis

    戻す= modosu= mengembalikan

    立つ= tatsu =berdiri

    死ぬ= shinu= meninggal

    運ぶ =hakobu =mengangkut

    読む =yomu =membaca

    遣る =yaru =mengerjakan

    泳ぐ =oyogu =berenang

    Pengecualian:
    Kata kerja berikut ini bukan merupakan kata kerja kelompok satu(1),melainkan kata kerja kelompok dua(2),yaitu:
    1.おきます:bangun tidur

    2.おります:turun(dari kereta)

    3.おちます:jatuh

    4.あびます:mandi

    5.できます:bisa

    6.かります:meminjamkan

    7.たります:cukup

    8.みます :melihat

    9.きます :memakai

  • B.Kata kerja yang digolongkan dalam kelompok dua adalah kata kerja yang berakhiran bunyi;
    e-RU(e- る),i-RU(i-る)
     
    Lihat contoh di bawah ini; 

    逃げる =nigeru= melarikan diri

    閉じる =tojiru =menutup,memejamkan

    見る= miru =melihat

Pengecualian


Kata kerja di bawah ini meskipun jika dilihat dari akhirannya mungkin anda akan mengira bentuk dua,tetapi sebenarnya termasuk kata kerja bentuk satu


Diantaranya;



  1. 返す = kaesu = mengembalikan

  2. 貸す = kasu = meminjamkan

  3. 消す = kesu = memadamkan

  4. 話す = hanasu = berbicara

  5. 無くす = nakusu = menghilangkan

  6. 直す = naosu = memperbaiki

  7. 切る = kiru = memotong

  8. 限る = kagiru = membatasi

  9. 知る = siru = mengetahui

  10. 帰る = kaeru = pulang

  11. 要る = iru = memerlukan

  12. 走る = hasiru = berlari

  13. 入る = hairu= masuk

  14. dll  


  • C.Kata kerja yang digolongkan dalam kelompok tiga adalah kata kerja yang berakhiran …suru(す る)dan kuru(くる) artinya datang,kuru(くる)adalah termasuk pengecualian,walaupun berakhiran bunyi U()tetapi kata ini masuk dalam kata kerja kelompok tiga.
    Daftar Bernomor

Lihat contoh di bawah ini;

相談する =soudansuru= membicarakan,berunding

仕事する =shigotosuru= bekerja

復習する =fukusyuusuru= mengulang pelajaran

来る  = kuru =datang (pengecualian)








 


     


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